下载archlinux镜像文件rufus写盘
https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinux/iso/latest/archlinux-x86_64.iso
进入Live先关闭reflector,因为它会自动修改源顺序
systemctl stop reflector
ping一下,没连网无线网卡使用wpa_supplicant或iwctl连网
iwctl
#进入到#[iwctl]后
station wlan0 scan #默认网卡驱动都是wlan0
station wlan0 get-networks #获取可连接wifi列表
station wlan0 connect 你要连接的wifi名
#输入密码
quit #退出
#测试网络连接
ping baidu.com
同步电脑时间
timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
使用fdisk -l查看分区情况,使用cfdisk分区,尽量选用UEFI/gpt分区格式
/dev/sda1 512MB EFI
/dev/sda2 内存大小 swap
/dev/sda3 50G linux(/根目录)
/dev/sda4 200G linux(/home)
mkfs.fat -F 32 /dev/sda1
mkswap /dev/sda2 && swapon /dev/sda2
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda3
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda4
parted -l(查看分区格式)
mount /dev/sda3 /mnt
mkdir /mnt/home
mount /dev/sda4 /mnt/home
更新live软件源
nano /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
(第一行加入)
Server = https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch
pacman -Syy
pacman -S archlinux-keyring
脚本安装【内核基础固件驱动等】主要文件到挂载的根目录
pacstrap /mnt base base-devel linux linux-firmware linux-headers
安装必要软件
pacstrap /mnt grub efibootmgr intel-ucode
pacstrap /mnt networkmanager dhcpcd openssh vim git bash-completion
(amd CPU就装amd-ucode 双系统需要装os-prober)
创建, 挂载EFI分区, 并生成fstab
mkdir /mnt/boot/efi
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot/efi
genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
cat /mnt/etc/fstab
(检查各分区是否都被启动挂载)
切根目录
arch-chroot /mnt
设置时区, 并生成/etc/adjtime
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
hwclock --systohc
生成本地支持环境语言
nano /etc/locale.gen
去掉en_US.UTF-8和zh_CN.UTF-8前注释
locale-gen
echo "LANG=en_US.UTF-8" > /etc/locale.conf
设置ROOT密码和增加用户
passwd root
useradd -m -G wheel xxx
passwd xxx
nano /etc/sudoers
wheel ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL
(去掉前面的#后sudo免密码)
安装grub并生成grub.cfg
如果双系统,去掉/etc/default/grub文件中这行注释
GRUB_DISKABLE_OS_PROBER=false
传统引导:
grub-install --target=i386-pc /dev/sda
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
UEFI 引导:
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=GRUB
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
启动ssh和网络服务
systemctl enable sshd
systemctl enable NetworkManager
systemctl enable dhcpcd
安装桌面环境和登陆器, 启动登陆器服务
pacman -S gnome gnome-tweaks gdm
systemctl enable gdm
退出重启
exit
(退出chroot环境)
umount -a
reboot
进桌面后配置
修改为国内源 并 增加32位软件源支持
sudo vim /etc/pacman.conf
增加
[archlinuxcn]
SigLevel = Optional TrustAll
Server = https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinuxcn/$arch
删除前面#
[multilib]
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
sudo pacman -Syyu
sudo pacman -S archlinuxcn-keyring
配置~/.bashrc
if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then
. /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
fi
安装paru (或yay)
sudo pacman -S paru
删除#
/etc/paru.conf
BottomUp
没有声音:
sudo pacman -S alsa-firmware
sudo pacman -S sof-firmware
sudo pacman -S alsa-ucm-conf
输入法
sudo pacman -S fcitx5 fcitx5-im fcitx5-chinese-addons fcitx5-configtool
vim /etc/environment
export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx5
export QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx5
export XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx
qv2ray缺少libfuse2 libcrypt.so.1
sudo pacman -S fuse2
sudo pacman -S libxcrypt-compat
sudo pacman -S gnome-browser-connector
AppIndicator and KStatusNotifierItem Support
Dash to Panel
Desktop Icons(DING)
Blur my Shell
Burn My Windows
Compiz alike magic lamp effect
Compiz windows effect
gedit //gnome文本编辑器?
gnome-nettool //gnome网络工具?
file-roller // gnome归档管理器
seahorse //保存程序的PGP密钥
pacman -S alsa-utils pulseaudio pulseaudio-bluetooth
sudo pacman -S nvidia nvidia-prime nvidia-settings nvidia-utils opencl-nvidia lib32-nvidia-utils lib32-opencl-nvidia libva-vdpau-driver
sudo pacman -S nvidia-open nvidia-settings lib32-nvidia-utils
sudo pacman -S nvidia-open-dkms optimus-manager
optimus-manager --switch nvidia
nvidia-xconfig
nvidia-smi
yay -S mutter-x11-scaling
gsettings set org.gnome.mutter experimental-features "['x11-randr-fractional-scaling']"
pacman -S sof-firmware sof-tools alsa-ucm-conf
https://wiki.archlinuxcn.org/wiki/
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-25906175-id-3072940.html
https://www.bilibili.com/read/cv20753052/
//微信需要的字体
sudo pacman -S wqy-microhei
sudo pacman -S adobe-source-han-serif-cn-fonts
sudo pacman -S adobe-source-han-sans-cn-fonts
sudo pacman -S ttf-roboto
sudo pacman -S noto-fonts
sudo pacman -S noto-fonts-cjk
sudo pacman -S ttf-dejavu
~/.config/fontconfig/fonts.conf 或 /etc/fonts/local.conf:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
<its:rules xmlns:its="http://www.w3.org/2005/11/its" version="1.0">
<its:translateRule
translate="no"
selector="/fontconfig/*[not(self::description)]"
/>
</its:rules>
<description>Android Font Config</description>
<!-- Font directory list -->
<dir>/usr/share/fonts</dir>
<dir>/usr/local/share/fonts</dir>
<dir prefix="xdg">fonts</dir>
<!-- the following element will be removed in the future -->
<dir>~/.fonts</dir>
<!-- 关闭内嵌点阵字体 -->
<match target="font">
<edit name="embeddedbitmap" mode="assign">
<bool>false</bool>
</edit>
</match>
<!-- 英文默认字体使用 Roboto 和 Noto Serif ,终端使用 DejaVu Sans Mono. -->
<match>
<test qual="any" name="family">
<string>serif</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="strong">
<string>Noto Serif</string>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="pattern">
<test qual="any" name="family">
<string>sans-serif</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="strong">
<string>Roboto</string>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="pattern">
<test qual="any" name="family">
<string>monospace</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="strong">
<string>DejaVu Sans Mono</string>
</edit>
</match>
<!-- 中文默认字体使用思源黑体和思源宋体,不使用 Noto Sans CJK SC 是因为这个字体会在特定情况下显示片假字. -->
<match>
<test name="lang" compare="contains">
<string>zh</string>
</test>
<test name="family">
<string>serif</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="prepend">
<string>Source Han Serif CN</string>
</edit>
</match>
<match>
<test name="lang" compare="contains">
<string>zh</string>
</test>
<test name="family">
<string>sans-serif</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="prepend">
<string>Source Han Sans CN</string>
</edit>
</match>
<match>
<test name="lang" compare="contains">
<string>zh</string>
</test>
<test name="family">
<string>monospace</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="prepend">
<string>Noto Sans Mono CJK SC</string>
</edit>
</match>
<!-- Windows & Linux Chinese fonts. -->
<!-- 把所有常见的中文字体映射到思源黑体和思源宋体,这样当这些字体未安装时会使用思源黑体和思源宋体.
解决特定程序指定使用某字体,并且在字体不存在情况下不会使用fallback字体导致中文显示不正常的情况. -->
<match target="pattern">
<test qual="any" name="family">
<string>WenQuanYi Zen Hei</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
<string>Source Han Sans CN</string>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="pattern">
<test qual="any" name="family">
<string>WenQuanYi Micro Hei</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
<string>Source Han Sans CN</string>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="pattern">
<test qual="any" name="family">
<string>WenQuanYi Micro Hei Light</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
<string>Source Han Sans CN</string>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="pattern">
<test qual="any" name="family">
<string>Microsoft YaHei</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
<string>Source Han Sans CN</string>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="pattern">
<test qual="any" name="family">
<string>SimHei</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
<string>Source Han Sans CN</string>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="pattern">
<test qual="any" name="family">
<string>SimSun</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
<string>Source Han Serif CN</string>
</edit>
</match>
<match target="pattern">
<test qual="any" name="family">
<string>SimSun-18030</string>
</test>
<edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
<string>Source Han Serif CN</string>
</edit>
</match>
<!-- Load local system customization file -->
<include ignore_missing="yes">conf.d</include>
<!-- Font cache directory list -->
<cachedir>/var/cache/fontconfig</cachedir>
<cachedir prefix="xdg">fontconfig</cachedir>
<!-- the following element will be removed in the future -->
<cachedir>~/.fontconfig</cachedir>
<config>
<!-- Rescan configuration every 30 seconds when FcFontSetList is called -->
<rescan>
<int>30</int>
</rescan>
</config>
</fontconfig>