2024年2月

安装

nvidia-open-dkms
(依赖会自动安装nvidia-utils, linux-headers 如果没有也要安装）

查询

glxinfo -B
nvidia-smi

X11/xorg

查看是否存在/etc/X11/xorg.conf
如果没有，使用nvidia-xconfig自动生成一份
记得里面需要xserver路径(没有手动修改）：

Section "Files"
    ModulePath "/usr/lib/nvidia/xorg"
    ModulePath "/usr/lib/xorg/modules"
EndSection

wayland

查看是否加载nvidia_drm
没有的话方式有二：
1, 创建文件/etc/modprob.d/nv_wayland.conf
options nvidia_drm modeset=1
\#options nvidia NVreg_PreserveVideoMemoryAllocations=1

2, # /etc/default/grub
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="nvidia-drm.modeset=1"

grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

//?手动增加
mkinitcpio -p linux
(arch版本update-initramfs)

470-510版本还需要
ln -s /dev/null /etc/udev/rules.d/61-gdm.rules

判断是否设置成功：（必须为Y）
cat /sys/module/nvidia_drm/parameters/modeset

下载archlinux镜像文件rufus写盘

https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinux/iso/latest/archlinux-x86_64.iso

进入Live先关闭reflector，因为它会自动修改源顺序

systemctl stop reflector

ping一下，没连网无线网卡使用wpa_supplicant或iwctl连网

iwctl
   #进入到#[iwctl]后
   station wlan0 scan   #默认网卡驱动都是wlan0
   station wlan0 get-networks    #获取可连接wifi列表
   station wlan0 connect 你要连接的wifi名
   #输入密码
   quit   #退出

   #测试网络连接
   ping baidu.com

同步电脑时间

timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai

使用fdisk -l查看分区情况，使用cfdisk分区，尽量选用UEFI/gpt分区格式

/dev/sda1 512MB EFI
/dev/sda2 内存大小 swap
/dev/sda3 50G linux(/根目录)
/dev/sda4 200G linux(/home)
mkfs.fat -F 32 /dev/sda1
mkswap /dev/sda2 && swapon /dev/sda2
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda3
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda4

parted -l（查看分区格式）
mount /dev/sda3 /mnt
mkdir /mnt/home
mount /dev/sda4 /mnt/home

更新live软件源

nano /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
（第一行加入）
Server = https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch
pacman -Syy
pacman -S archlinux-keyring

脚本安装【内核基础固件驱动等】主要文件到挂载的根目录

pacstrap /mnt base base-devel linux linux-firmware linux-headers

安装必要软件

pacstrap /mnt grub efibootmgr intel-ucode
pacstrap /mnt networkmanager dhcpcd openssh vim git bash-completion
（amd CPU就装amd-ucode  双系统需要装os-prober)

创建, 挂载EFI分区, 并生成fstab

mkdir /mnt/boot/efi
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot/efi
genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
cat /mnt/etc/fstab
（检查各分区是否都被启动挂载）

切根目录

arch-chroot /mnt

设置时区, 并生成/etc/adjtime

ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
hwclock --systohc

生成本地支持环境语言

nano /etc/locale.gen
去掉en_US.UTF-8和zh_CN.UTF-8前注释
locale-gen
echo "LANG=en_US.UTF-8" > /etc/locale.conf

设置ROOT密码和增加用户

passwd root
useradd -m -G wheel xxx
passwd xxx
nano /etc/sudoers
wheel ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL
（去掉前面的#后sudo免密码）

安装grub并生成grub.cfg

如果双系统，去掉/etc/default/grub文件中这行注释
GRUB_DISKABLE_OS_PROBER=false

传统引导：
grub-install --target=i386-pc /dev/sda
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

UEFI 引导：
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=GRUB
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

启动ssh和网络服务

systemctl enable sshd
systemctl enable NetworkManager
systemctl enable dhcpcd

安装桌面环境和登陆器， 启动登陆器服务

pacman -S gnome gnome-tweaks gdm
systemctl enable gdm

退出重启

exit
(退出chroot环境)
umount -a
reboot

进桌面后配置

修改为国内源 并 增加32位软件源支持
sudo vim /etc/pacman.conf
增加
[archlinuxcn]
SigLevel = Optional TrustAll
Server = https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinuxcn/$arch

删除前面#
[multilib]
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

sudo pacman -Syyu
sudo pacman -S archlinuxcn-keyring

配置~/.bashrc
if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then
. /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
fi

安装paru (或yay)
sudo pacman -S paru
删除#
/etc/paru.conf
BottomUp

没有声音:
sudo pacman -S alsa-firmware
sudo pacman -S sof-firmware
sudo pacman -S alsa-ucm-conf

输入法
sudo pacman -S fcitx5 fcitx5-im fcitx5-chinese-addons fcitx5-configtool
vim /etc/environment
export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx5
export QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx5
export XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx

qv2ray缺少libfuse2 libcrypt.so.1
sudo pacman -S fuse2
sudo pacman -S libxcrypt-compat

sudo pacman -S gnome-browser-connector
AppIndicator and KStatusNotifierItem Support
Dash to Panel
Desktop Icons(DING)
Blur my Shell
Burn My Windows
Compiz alike magic lamp effect
Compiz windows effect

gedit //gnome文本编辑器?
gnome-nettool //gnome网络工具?
file-roller // gnome归档管理器
seahorse //保存程序的PGP密钥

pacman -S alsa-utils pulseaudio pulseaudio-bluetooth

sudo pacman -S nvidia nvidia-prime nvidia-settings nvidia-utils opencl-nvidia lib32-nvidia-utils lib32-opencl-nvidia libva-vdpau-driver
sudo pacman -S nvidia-open nvidia-settings lib32-nvidia-utils
sudo pacman -S nvidia-open-dkms optimus-manager
optimus-manager --switch nvidia
nvidia-xconfig
nvidia-smi
yay -S mutter-x11-scaling
gsettings set org.gnome.mutter experimental-features "['x11-randr-fractional-scaling']"
pacman -S sof-firmware sof-tools alsa-ucm-conf


https://wiki.archlinuxcn.org/wiki/
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-25906175-id-3072940.html
https://www.bilibili.com/read/cv20753052/

//微信需要的字体
sudo pacman -S wqy-microhei
sudo pacman -S adobe-source-han-serif-cn-fonts
sudo pacman -S adobe-source-han-sans-cn-fonts
sudo pacman -S ttf-roboto
sudo pacman -S noto-fonts
sudo pacman -S noto-fonts-cjk
sudo pacman -S ttf-dejavu

~/.config/fontconfig/fonts.conf 或 /etc/fonts/local.conf：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
  <its:rules xmlns:its="http://www.w3.org/2005/11/its" version="1.0">
    <its:translateRule
      translate="no"
      selector="/fontconfig/*[not(self::description)]"
    />
  </its:rules>

  <description>Android Font Config</description>

  <!-- Font directory list -->

  <dir>/usr/share/fonts</dir>
  <dir>/usr/local/share/fonts</dir>
  <dir prefix="xdg">fonts</dir>
  <!-- the following element will be removed in the future -->
  <dir>~/.fonts</dir>

  <!-- 关闭内嵌点阵字体 -->
  <match target="font">
    <edit name="embeddedbitmap" mode="assign">
      <bool>false</bool>
    </edit>
  </match>

  <!-- 英文默认字体使用 Roboto 和 Noto Serif ,终端使用 DejaVu Sans Mono. -->
  <match>
    <test qual="any" name="family">
      <string>serif</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="strong">
      <string>Noto Serif</string>
    </edit>
  </match>
  <match target="pattern">
    <test qual="any" name="family">
      <string>sans-serif</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="strong">
      <string>Roboto</string>
    </edit>
  </match>
  <match target="pattern">
    <test qual="any" name="family">
      <string>monospace</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="strong">
      <string>DejaVu Sans Mono</string>
    </edit>
  </match>

  <!-- 中文默认字体使用思源黑体和思源宋体,不使用　Noto Sans CJK SC 是因为这个字体会在特定情况下显示片假字. -->
  <match>
    <test name="lang" compare="contains">
      <string>zh</string>
    </test>
    <test name="family">
      <string>serif</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="family" mode="prepend">
      <string>Source Han Serif CN</string>
    </edit>
  </match>
  <match>
    <test name="lang" compare="contains">
      <string>zh</string>
    </test>
    <test name="family">
      <string>sans-serif</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="family" mode="prepend">
      <string>Source Han Sans CN</string>
    </edit>
  </match>
  <match>
    <test name="lang" compare="contains">
      <string>zh</string>
    </test>
    <test name="family">
      <string>monospace</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="family" mode="prepend">
      <string>Noto Sans Mono CJK SC</string>
    </edit>
  </match>

  <!-- Windows & Linux Chinese fonts. -->
  <!-- 把所有常见的中文字体映射到思源黑体和思源宋体，这样当这些字体未安装时会使用思源黑体和思源宋体.
解决特定程序指定使用某字体，并且在字体不存在情况下不会使用fallback字体导致中文显示不正常的情况. -->
  <match target="pattern">
    <test qual="any" name="family">
      <string>WenQuanYi Zen Hei</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
      <string>Source Han Sans CN</string>
    </edit>
  </match>
  <match target="pattern">
    <test qual="any" name="family">
      <string>WenQuanYi Micro Hei</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
      <string>Source Han Sans CN</string>
    </edit>
  </match>
  <match target="pattern">
    <test qual="any" name="family">
      <string>WenQuanYi Micro Hei Light</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
      <string>Source Han Sans CN</string>
    </edit>
  </match>
  <match target="pattern">
    <test qual="any" name="family">
      <string>Microsoft YaHei</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
      <string>Source Han Sans CN</string>
    </edit>
  </match>
  <match target="pattern">
    <test qual="any" name="family">
      <string>SimHei</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
      <string>Source Han Sans CN</string>
    </edit>
  </match>
  <match target="pattern">
    <test qual="any" name="family">
      <string>SimSun</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
      <string>Source Han Serif CN</string>
    </edit>
  </match>
  <match target="pattern">
    <test qual="any" name="family">
      <string>SimSun-18030</string>
    </test>
    <edit name="family" mode="assign" binding="same">
      <string>Source Han Serif CN</string>
    </edit>
  </match>

  <!-- Load local system customization file -->
  <include ignore_missing="yes">conf.d</include>

  <!-- Font cache directory list -->

  <cachedir>/var/cache/fontconfig</cachedir>
  <cachedir prefix="xdg">fontconfig</cachedir>
  <!-- the following element will be removed in the future -->
  <cachedir>~/.fontconfig</cachedir>

  <config>
    <!-- Rescan configuration every 30 seconds when FcFontSetList is called -->
    <rescan>
      <int>30</int>
    </rescan>
  </config>
</fontconfig>